Eight worldly dharmas

skt.: ashtau lokadharmah; tib.: jig ten gyi cho gye) Sometimes translated as eight worldly concerns or eight worldly thoughts. These concenrs are lower motivations that interfere with our practice of Dharma. There are four pairs:
1. (skt.: labha; tib.: nyed pa) (desire for) gain and 2. (skt.: alabha; tib.: ma nyed pa) (fear of) loss:
3. (skt.: sukha; tib.: de wa) (desire for) pleasure/happiness/comfort and 4. (skt.: dukkha; tib.: dug ngel) (fear of) pain/unhappiness/suffering
5. (skt.: ayashas; tib.: nyen drag) (desire for) fame and 6. (skt.: yashas; tib.: ma drag) (fear of) notoriety/disgrace:
7. (skt.: prashamsa; tib.: tu pa) (desire for) praise/approval and 8. (skt.: ninda; tib.: me pa) (fear of) blame/criticism/disapproval